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:''This page is about the attorney and civil servant; for the Pennsylvania State Senator, see Mary Jo White (Pennsylvania politician).'' Mary Jo White (born December 27, 1947) is the 31st and current Chairwoman of the Securities and Exchange Commission. She was the first woman to be United States Attorney for the Southern District of New York, serving from 1993 to 2002.〔(2001 CNN profile of Mary Jo White ) CNN. (February 6, 2001). Retrieved February 24, 2011〕 On January 24, 2013, President Barack Obama nominated White to replace Elisse B. Walter as Chairwoman of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. She was confirmed by the Senate on April 8, 2013 and was sworn into office on April 10, 2013.〔 〕〔(Nominations of: Richard Cordray and Mary Jo White: Hearing before the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, United States Senate, One Hundred Thirteenth Congress, First Session, on Nominations of Richard Cordray, of Ohio, to be Director of the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection; Mary Jo White, of New York, to be a Member of the Securities and Exchange Commission, March 12, 2013 )〕 As of 2014, she is listed as the 73rd most powerful woman in the world by ''Forbes''. ==Life and career== White was born in Kansas City, Missouri, and grew up in McLean, Virginia. She received a B.A. from the College of William & Mary in 1970. She earned an M.A. in psychology in 1971 from The New School for Social Research and a law degree from Columbia Law School in 1974,〔 where she was a Writing & Research Editor of the ''Columbia Law Review''. White became Acting United States Attorney for the Eastern District of New York in December 1992, and in March 1993 was appointed by President Bill Clinton as U.S. Attorney for the Southern District. She is noted for having overseen prosecutions of John Gotti and the terrorists responsible for the 1993 World Trade Center bombing, chief among them Ramzi Yousef. After President Clinton's controversial last day presidential pardons, she was appointed by new Attorney General John Ashcroft to investigate Marc Rich's pardon.〔 For 10 years, she was chair of the litigation department at Debevoise & Plimpton.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Mary Jo White -- Debevoise bio )〕 ''The Huffington Post'' called her "a well-respected attorney who won high-profile cases against mobsters, terrorists and financial fraudsters over the course of nearly a decade as the U.S. attorney for Manhattan."〔(Mary Jo White, Obama Pick to Head SEC.... ), The Huffington Post. Mark Gongloff contributed reporting. January 25, 2013. Retrieved January 31, 2013.〕 It has been asserted in ''Rolling Stone'' magazine that, among other duties at Debevoise, White has used her influence and connections to protect certain Wall Street CEOs from prosecution,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Why Isn't Wall Street In Jail )〕 including a notable case involving the firing of Gary J. Aguirre for investigations into the CEO of Morgan Stanley executive John J. Mack. In 2013, she was involved in the prosecution of Aaron Swartz as lawyer for JSTOR, where she asked the lead prosecutor to drop the charges. When White started at the SEC in April 2013, most of the agency's enforcement cases from the 2008-2009 financial crisis were either settled or near completion, freeing up resources for other work. In a shift for the agency, White announced in June 2013 the SEC would start demanding more admissions of misconduct as part of an enforcement settlement. In an (October 2013 speech ), White announced a new SEC enforcement tactic practiced by neighborhood beat police to root out crime. In her speech, White cited a (March 1982 Atlantic article ) that theorized enforcing small, petty crimes - like smashed windows - can prevent bigger crimes. Focusing enforcement attention to these small crimes avoids breeding an environment of indifference to the rules, White said. During her tenure, White has had to recuse herself from some of the SEC's biggest enforcement cases as a result of her prior work at Debevoise and her husband, (John W. White ), a lawyer at Cravath, Swaine & Moore. By February 2015 White had recused herself in about 50 cases setting up deadlock situations within the Commission and thus compromising the effectiveness of the SEC.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Mary Jo White」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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